tasapainovoimia

Tasapainovoimia, literally balancing forces in Finnish, refer to the set of forces that counteract each other to produce equilibrium in a system. In physics, they are the forces that sum to zero, so there is no net translational acceleration. When this condition holds and the object is at rest, the system is in static equilibrium; when it moves with constant velocity, it is in dynamic equilibrium. For rotational motion, equilibrium also requires the sum of torques about any axis to be zero.

Examples include a book resting on a table where gravity is balanced by the normal force, a suspended sign where tension balances weight, or a rope under tension that balances forces on a beam. Even if the net force is zero, internal forces and constraint reactions can be present within the body or structure.

Equilibrium can be classified as stable, unstable, or neutral, depending on how the potential energy responds to small displacements. In engineering and design, tasapainovoimia are analyzed to ensure structures remain safe and functional under expected loads and conditions.

The term is also used metaphorically to describe counterbalancing influences in other domains, such as the balance of power among states in international relations, or competing factors that maintain system stability in ecological or economic contexts.