tartsd

Tartsd is a Hungarian verb form used as the second-person singular imperative of tartani, meaning to hold or to keep. It functions as a direct command or request, roughly translating to “hold it” or “keep it” in English, and is commonly used when addressing someone in informal speech.

In Hungarian, imperative forms are created by modifying the verb stem. Tartsd combines the stem tart- with the imperative ending and, when needed, with an object or particle placed after the verb. It can stand alone with an understood object or appear with a specific object such as ezt (this) or az ajtót (the door) in phrases like tartsd ezt or tartsd be the rules. The exact placement of pronouns and particles follows standard Hungarian syntax, with pronouns typically attached or placed immediately after the verb.

Usage examples illustrate its typical functions: "Tartsd ezt közel magadhoz" means “Keep this close to you,” guiding someone to retain or carry something. "Tartsd be a szabályokat" means “Keep to the rules” or “Follow the rules,” and "Tartsd zárva az ajtót" means “Keep the door closed.” These examples show how tartsd can convey simple instructions as well as more formal expectations.

Etymology and grammar: tartsd derives from tartani (to hold/keep) and represents a common, productive form in Hungarian for giving orders to a single, informal addressee. It is not a separate lexical item but a standard verb form used in everyday speech and writing.

See also: tartani, Hungarian imperative mood, Hungarian grammar.