tRNAmolekyyleissä

tRNAmolekyyleissä (transfer RNA molecules) are small RNA molecules that play a crucial role in protein synthesis. They are found in all living organisms, from bacteria to humans, and are responsible for translating the genetic code from messenger RNA (mRNA) into a sequence of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Each tRNA molecule is composed of a sequence of nucleotides, typically around 75-90 nucleotides in length, and has a specific anticodon that pairs with a corresponding codon on the mRNA. The amino acid that the tRNA carries is attached to its 3' end through an ester bond, forming an aminoacyl-tRNA. During translation, the aminoacyl-tRNA binds to the ribosome, where it is incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain. After the amino acid is added to the growing chain, the tRNA is released and can be reused. tRNA molecules are essential for the proper functioning of the genetic code and are a target for many antibiotics and antiviral drugs.