täitev

Täitev is the enforcement of legally binding obligations in Estonian law. It refers to the stage in which a creditor’s claim, based on a court verdict, administrative decision, or other enforceable title, is carried out by the state enforcement system. The purpose is to secure payment or fulfillment of obligations while balancing the rights of the creditor and the debtor.

The process typically starts when a creditor submits an enforceable document to the enforcement authority. An enforcement officer, or täitja, assesses the claim and the debtor’s circumstances and may impose measures to ensure compliance. Common enforcement actions include attachment of movable and immovable property, garnishment of wages, blocking of bank accounts, and the sale of seized assets via public procedures. The specific measures depend on the type of debt and the applicable laws governing enforcement.

Debtors have rights during täitev proceedings: they can challenge the grounds for enforcement in court, request deferral or a payment plan, and seek relief if their financial situation prevents full payment. Lawful exemptions exist to protect basic living needs and essential property, and enforcement actions are often subject to judicial review and procedural safeguards.

Overall, täitev aims to convert legal claims into real-world compliance, using proportionate and legally regulated tools to secure payment while upholding due process. Related topics include enforcement of judgments, debt collection, and civil procedure.