sølvkloridelektrode

Sølvklorid elektrode, often abbreviated as Ag/AgCl electrode, is a type of reference electrode that is widely used in electrochemistry. Its primary function is to provide a stable and reproducible potential against which the potential of other electrodes can be measured. The electrode consists of silver metal coated with silver chloride, immersed in a solution containing chloride ions, typically potassium chloride (KCl). The electrochemical reaction at the electrode surface involves the equilibrium between solid silver chloride and silver ions in solution, and the chloride ions in the surrounding electrolyte.

The potential of a silver chloride electrode is dependent on the concentration of chloride ions in the electrolyte. For practical applications, a saturated solution of potassium chloride is commonly used, which results in a stable and well-defined potential. This concentration ensures minimal variation in the electrode potential due to changes in the external environment. The Ag/AgCl electrode is considered a secondary reference electrode because its potential is typically determined by comparison to a primary reference electrode, such as the standard hydrogen electrode.

Silver chloride electrodes are known for their relatively low cost, ease of construction, and good stability. They are often used in biological measurements, such as electrocardiograms (ECG) and electroencephalograms (EEG), as well as in various industrial applications like corrosion monitoring and pH measurements. However, they can be sensitive to certain substances that may react with silver or silver chloride, leading to potential drift. Proper maintenance and handling are crucial to ensure the longevity and accuracy of the Ag/AgCl electrode.