sözdizimsel

Sözdizimsel is a Turkish adjective meaning related to syntax, the branch of linguistics that studies the structure of sentences and the rules for combining words into phrases and clauses. In linguistic analysis, sözdizimsel descriptions focus on how elements such as subjects, predicates, objects, and modifiers are ordered and how their relationships are signaled by word order and case markings. It encompasses hierarchical structure, constituency, and syntactic relations such as subject, object, and agreement.

Turkish features a rich morphological system and relatively flexible word order, but a canonical order is subject–object–verb. Syntactic analysis must account for case suffixes and postpositions that mark grammatical roles and allow surface-order variation without changing core meaning. Syntactic theories range from traditional phrase-structure approaches to modern dependency grammars, with tools such as movement, topicalization, and question formation used to explain structure and information focus.

Example: the sentence Kediyi gördüm, meaning “I saw the cat.” The object kediyi bears the accusative suffix -yi, signaling its role as the object, while gördüm marks the verb and tense. This illustrates how syntactic structure and Turkish morphology interact to convey meaning, and how different word orders can emphasize different parts of the sentence while often preserving core relations.

See also: syntax, Turkish grammar, linguistic morphology.