sértengja

Sértengja is a traditional Icelandic term referring to the practice of winter grazing, where livestock—primarily sheep—are moved to lower-lying pastures during the colder months. This method contrasts with the more common summer grazing (*sumargræsl*) in highland areas, where animals are taken to mountainous regions for the warmer season. The practice has historical roots in Iceland’s agricultural traditions, shaped by the country’s harsh climate and limited arable land.

The term *sértengja* literally translates to "special pasture" or "separate grazing," indicating that these areas are distinct from the primary summer pastures. Historically, these lower-lying pastures were often located near settlements or along coastal regions, where vegetation remained accessible even under snow or ice. Sheep were particularly suited to this system due to their ability to thrive on tough, low-nutrient grasses and their resilience in cold conditions.

The practice of sértengja played a crucial role in Iceland’s subsistence economy, allowing farmers to maintain their flocks year-round without relying solely on summer grazing. It also contributed to the cultural landscape, as shepherds (*þjóðveldismenn*) would tend to flocks in these areas during the winter months, often living in temporary shelters or small huts. While modern agricultural practices have reduced the necessity of sértengja, remnants of the tradition persist in certain rural areas, reflecting Iceland’s enduring connection to its pastoral heritage.