sähkövirtalähteestä

An sähkövirtalähde, or electric power supply, is a device that converts electrical energy from a source into the type of electrical energy required by a load. This conversion can involve changing voltage, current, or frequency. Common sources of electrical energy include mains electricity, batteries, and generators. The specific type of power supply is determined by the application's needs, such as the voltage and current required, and whether AC (alternating current) or DC (direct current) is necessary.

There are various categories of power supplies. Linear power supplies are known for their low noise and ripple, but they can be inefficient, especially when there is a large voltage difference between input and output. Switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) are generally more efficient and compact, using switching elements to regulate voltage, but they can generate more electrical noise. Uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) provide backup power in case of mains failure, ensuring continuous operation of critical equipment.

The output characteristics of a power supply are crucial. For instance, a regulated power supply maintains a stable output voltage or current despite variations in input voltage or load. Voltage regulators are a common component within power supplies to achieve this. Power supplies are essential components in a vast array of electronic devices, from simple consumer electronics to complex industrial machinery, ensuring that the components receive the correct and stable electrical power to function reliably.