szürkeöntvénybl

Szürkeöntvény, often referred to as gray iron in English, is a type of cast iron characterized by its microstructure which consists of graphite flakes dispersed within a ferrite or pearlite matrix. This graphite structure is what gives the material its characteristic gray fracture appearance, hence the name.

The production of szürkeöntvény involves melting pig iron, scrap iron, and alloying elements in a cupola furnace or electric induction furnace, followed by casting into molds. The cooling rate during solidification significantly influences the final microstructure and thus the properties of the cast iron. Slower cooling generally leads to larger graphite flakes and a softer material, while faster cooling results in finer graphite flakes and increased strength.

Szürkeöntvény possesses several desirable properties, including excellent machinability, good damping capacity for vibrations, and relatively low melting point, which facilitates casting into complex shapes. However, it has lower tensile strength and ductility compared to other ferrous metals like steel. Due to these properties, it finds widespread application in various industries. Common uses include engine blocks, brake drums, machine tool bases, and pipe fittings, where its cost-effectiveness and ease of manufacturing are advantageous.