szemnyomásemelkedés

Szemnyomásemelkedés, commonly referred to as elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), is a condition where the pressure inside the eye is higher than normal. This pressure is maintained by a balance between the production and drainage of aqueous humor, a fluid that nourishes the eye. When the drainage system becomes inefficient or the production of aqueous humor increases excessively, the pressure inside the eye can rise.

Elevated IOP itself often does not cause noticeable symptoms. However, it is a significant risk factor for the development of glaucoma, a serious eye disease that can lead to irreversible vision loss. Glaucoma damages the optic nerve, which transmits visual information from the eye to the brain. The progression of optic nerve damage is directly related to the level of IOP.

Measuring IOP is a routine part of comprehensive eye examinations. This is typically done using a tonometer. If elevated IOP is detected, further investigation is usually warranted to assess for any signs of optic nerve damage or visual field loss that would indicate glaucoma. The management of elevated IOP often involves medications, such as eye drops, to lower the pressure. In some cases, laser treatment or surgery may be considered. Regular monitoring by an eye care professional is crucial for individuals with elevated IOP to prevent or manage potential vision loss.