szaruhártyát

Szaruhártyát refers to the cornea in Hungarian. The cornea is the transparent outer layer at the front of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. It refracts, or bends, light, playing a significant role in the eye's ability to focus. Because it is avascular, meaning it has no blood vessels, the cornea receives oxygen directly from the air. It is also rich in nerve endings, making it very sensitive to touch.

The cornea has several layers, including the epithelium, Bowman's layer, the stroma, Descemet's membrane, and the endothelium. Damage or disease affecting any of these layers can impair vision. Common conditions affecting the cornea include infections, abrasions, dystrophies (inherited disorders), and keratoconus, a condition where the cornea thins and bulges outward.

Maintaining corneal health is crucial for clear vision. Lubrication from tears is essential for the epithelium's health and to prevent dryness and irritation. When the cornea is damaged, vision can become blurred, cloudy, or distorted. In severe cases, a corneal transplant may be necessary to restore sight. This surgical procedure involves replacing a damaged cornea with healthy donor tissue. The cornea's transparency and refractive power make it vital for the optical system of the eye.