szaruhártyának

Szaruhártyának is the Hungarian word for cornea. The cornea is the transparent outer layer at the front of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. It is responsible for refracting, or bending, light as it enters the eye.

The cornea has five layers: the epithelium, Bowman's layer, the stroma, Descemet's membrane, and the endothelium. The epithelium is the outermost protective layer, while the endothelium is responsible for maintaining corneal clarity by pumping excess fluid out of the stroma.

The cornea plays a crucial role in vision. Its smooth, curved surface allows it to focus approximately two-thirds of the eye's total focusing power. Any damage or irregularity to the cornea, such as from injury, infection, or disease, can lead to blurred vision, pain, or even blindness.

Conditions affecting the cornea include keratitis (inflammation), corneal ulcers, abrasions, and dystrophies. These can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or trauma. Treatment options depend on the specific condition and may involve eye drops, medication, or surgical procedures like corneal transplantation.

Corneal transplantation, also known as keratoplasty, is a surgical procedure where damaged corneal tissue is replaced with healthy donor tissue. This can restore vision for individuals with severe corneal damage. The cornea is avascular, meaning it has no blood vessels, which aids in its transparency and acceptance of transplanted tissue.