székletzsírteszt

The székletzsírteszt, also known as a fecal fat test, is a laboratory analysis performed on a stool sample to measure the amount of fat excreted by the body. This test is primarily used to diagnose malabsorption syndromes, conditions where the digestive system is unable to properly absorb nutrients from food. A consistently high level of fat in the stool, known as steatorrhea, indicates that fat is not being absorbed efficiently.

Several factors can lead to steatorrhea and a positive székletzsírteszt. These include pancreatic insufficiency, where the pancreas does not produce enough digestive enzymes, particularly lipase, which breaks down fats. Liver disease or bile duct obstruction can also impair fat digestion and absorption, as bile is essential for emulsifying fats. Certain intestinal diseases, such as celiac disease, Crohn's disease, or short bowel syndrome, can damage the intestinal lining and reduce its ability to absorb fats. Additionally, some medications can interfere with fat absorption.

To perform the test, a patient typically collects stool samples over a period of 72 hours, as this provides a more accurate representation of average fat excretion. The collected samples are then sent to a laboratory for analysis. The results are usually reported as the total amount of fat excreted over the collection period or as a percentage of consumed fat. A normal result indicates adequate fat absorption, while elevated levels suggest a malabsorption issue that may require further investigation to determine the underlying cause.