surprinde

Surprinde is a Romanian verb that means to surprise, to catch by surprise, or to seize something suddenly. The most common sense is to cause astonishment in someone through an unexpected action or event. It can also mean to catch someone in the act, or to seize a person or an object, and in photography or filmmaking it can mean to capture a moment or an image.

Etymology and range of meanings: the verb is built from the prefix sur- together with prinde (to catch, seize). The sense of catching someone unaware reflects the idea of an unexpected capture. Romanian usage often pairs surprinde with a direct object, as in surprinde pe cineva (to surprise someone) or surprinde un moment (to capture a moment). It can also denote capturing or recording something, for example with a camera.

Grammar and usage notes: surprinde is transitive and commonly conjugated like a regular member of the verbal class that includes prinde. In the present tense: eu surprind, tu surprinzi, el surprinde, noi surprindem, voi surprindeți, ei surprind. The past tense is formed with the auxiliary avea: am surprins, ai surprins, a surprins, am surprins, a surprins, am surprins. The past participle is surprins (masc.) or surprinsă (fem.), and agrees with gender and number when used with a preceding object.

Examples: Ea l-a surprins pe profesor cu un zâmbet. Fotografia surprinde un moment rar din natură. Poliția a surprins hoțul în flagrant.