suprakondukteerinen

Suprakondukteerinen describes a state of matter where a material exhibits zero electrical resistance and expels magnetic fields. This phenomenon, known as the Meissner effect, occurs when certain materials are cooled below a critical temperature. The absence of resistance means that an electric current, once initiated, can flow indefinitely without any energy loss. This state is distinct from a perfect conductor, as it not only prevents resistance but actively pushes out magnetic fields from its interior.

The discovery of superconductivity in 1911 by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes marked a significant scientific breakthrough. Initially, superconductivity was observed in elemental metals like mercury at very low temperatures, close to absolute zero. However, the development of high-temperature superconductors in the late 20th century, particularly ceramic compounds, expanded the possibilities for practical applications by operating at more accessible, albeit still cold, temperatures.

Suprakondukteerinen materials have a wide range of potential and existing applications. These include powerful electromagnets used in MRI machines and particle accelerators, efficient power transmission lines, magnetic levitation for transportation systems, and sensitive magnetic field detectors. Research continues to explore new suprakondukteerinen materials and to understand the fundamental physics behind this fascinating quantum mechanical state, aiming to achieve superconductivity at room temperature.