sulfidiioni

Sulfidiioni refers to the sulfide ion, which has the chemical formula S^2-. It is an anion, meaning it carries a negative charge, specifically two negative charges. The sulfide ion is formed when a sulfur atom gains two electrons. Sulfur is a nonmetal in Group 16 of the periodic table, and it readily forms compounds with metals.

Sulfide ions are commonly found in various minerals, such as pyrite (iron sulfide, FeS2) and galena (lead sulfide, PbS). In aqueous solutions, sulfide ions can be present, although their solubility depends heavily on the cation they are associated with. Many metal sulfides are insoluble in water. The presence of sulfide ions can be detected through various chemical tests.

In organic chemistry, the term "sulfide" can also refer to a functional group containing a sulfur atom bonded to two organic groups, with the general formula R-S-R', where R and R' are alkyl or aryl groups. However, "sulfidiioni" specifically denotes the inorganic S^2- ion.

Sulfide compounds have a wide range of applications, including in the production of pigments, vulcanization of rubber, and as reagents in chemical synthesis. The odor often associated with "rotten eggs" is due to the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gas that contains sulfide.