sulavkaitsmed

Sulavkaitsmed, often translated as "melting fuses" or "fusible links," are safety devices designed to protect electrical circuits from overcurrent conditions. They consist of a relatively thin wire or filament made of a material with a low melting point. When an excessive amount of electrical current flows through the circuit, the filament heats up due to the increased resistance. If the current persists and exceeds a specific threshold, the filament will melt, thereby breaking the electrical connection. This interruption of the circuit prevents damage to sensitive components, wiring, or appliances, and can also mitigate the risk of fire.

The material used for the filament is crucial and is chosen based on its melting point and electrical conductivity. Common materials include alloys of tin, lead, and sometimes copper or silver. The physical dimensions of the filament, such as its length and thickness, are engineered to determine the specific current rating at which the sulavkaitsmed will blow. They are typically enclosed in a non-conductive casing, often made of glass or ceramic, to prevent accidental contact with the melted filament and to contain any sparks or debris that might be generated.

Sulavkaitsmed are a simple yet effective form of overcurrent protection and are widely used in a variety of electronic devices, power supplies, and electrical systems. They are a sacrificial component, meaning that once they have blown, they must be replaced with a new one of the same rating to restore functionality to the circuit. Their low cost and reliability have made them a staple in electrical safety design for decades.