sugiru

Sugiru is a Japanese verb that generally translates to "to exceed," "to be too much," or "to go too far." It is often used to indicate that something has gone beyond a desired or acceptable limit.

The verb is formed by taking the stem of a verb and adding the auxiliary verb sugiru. For example, the verb taberu (to eat) becomes tabesugiru (to eat too much). Similarly, nomu (to drink) becomes nomisugiru (to drink too much), and kaku (to write) becomes kakisugiru (to write too much).

Sugiru can also be used with adjectives to indicate an excessive degree. For instance, atsui (hot) becomes atsusugiru (too hot), and samui (cold) becomes samusugiru (too cold). In these cases, it expresses a strong degree of the adjective that is often uncomfortable or problematic.

The nuance of "too much" can vary depending on the context. It can imply overindulgence, excess, or a state that is beyond a normal or desirable range. For example, while tabesugiru refers to eating more than one should, tatakai-sugiru (to fight too much) might suggest excessive or prolonged conflict.

The concept of sugiru is important for understanding Japanese expressions related to moderation and balance. It highlights the cultural emphasis on avoiding extremes and maintaining a state of appropriateness. Many common expressions utilize this verb to describe situations where an action or state has gone beyond acceptable limits.