subnutrição

Subnutrição refers to a state of inadequate or insufficient intake of calories, protein, vitamins, or minerals to meet a person's needs for growth, health, and activity. It is a broad term encompassing various forms of malnutrition. This can occur when a person does not consume enough food overall, or when their diet lacks essential nutrients, even if they consume sufficient calories.

The consequences of subnutrição can be severe and widespread. In children, it can lead to stunted growth, impaired cognitive development, weakened immune systems, and increased susceptibility to infections. Adults may experience fatigue, reduced physical and mental capacity, and a higher risk of chronic diseases. In severe cases, subnutrição can be life-threatening.

Factors contributing to subnutrição are diverse and often interconnected. These include poverty, food insecurity, lack of access to nutritious foods, poor sanitation, inadequate healthcare, and specific dietary restrictions. Certain medical conditions, such as chronic illnesses or digestive disorders, can also impair nutrient absorption and lead to subnutrição.

Addressing subnutrição requires a multi-faceted approach. This includes improving food security through sustainable agriculture and equitable food distribution, enhancing access to education about nutrition, providing healthcare services, and implementing social protection programs. Public health initiatives aimed at promoting healthy diets and preventing disease are also crucial in combating subnutrição.