subjekté

Subjekté is a term used in the field of linguistics to refer to the grammatical subject of a sentence. The subject is typically the entity that performs the action or is described by the sentence. In many languages, the subject is marked by specific grammatical features, such as case marking or word order. For example, in English, the subject usually comes before the verb in a sentence, as in "The cat sleeps." In languages with case marking, the subject might be indicated by a nominative case, as in Latin "Gallus dormit" (The rooster sleeps).

The concept of subjekté is closely related to the idea of agency and action. It is often contrasted with the object, which receives the action of the verb. For instance, in the sentence "The cat chases the mouse," "the cat" is the subject and "the mouse" is the object. The subject is also distinct from the predicate, which includes the verb and any complements or modifiers.

In some languages, the subject can be omitted if it is clear from the context, a phenomenon known as ellipsis. For example, in the sentence "It is raining," the subject "it" can often be omitted in informal speech, resulting in "Is raining."

The study of subjekté is important in understanding the structure and function of language. It helps linguists analyze how languages encode information about who or what is performing an action, and how this information is conveyed to the listener or reader.