stemmefrie
Stemmefrie is a term used in linguistics, particularly in Norwegian and other Nordic languages, to describe sounds produced without vibration of the vocal folds. The term comes from stemme (voice) og fri (free), and is used to distinguish these sounds from stemmebærende (voiced) sounds, where the vocal cords vibrate during articulation. In phonetic transcription, voiceless sounds are typically marked with the feature [−voice] or simply lack voicing.
The most common stemmefrie sounds are voiceless consonants, such as plosives p, t, k, and fricatives f,
In phonology, the stemmefrie vs. stemmebærende distinction creates a voicing contrast that helps determine minimal pairs
Stemmefrie articulation is a subject of experimental phonetics, with attention to acoustic correlates such as the