sporavvik

Sporavvik is a Swedish term that translates to "track deviation" or "track irregularity" in English. It refers to any unintended deviation from the designed or ideal position of railway tracks. These deviations can manifest in various forms, including changes in gauge (the distance between the rails), alignment (the lateral position of the track), and cross-level (the difference in height between the two rails).

The causes of sporavvik are diverse and can be attributed to factors such as wear and tear on the track components, settlement of the underlying ballast and subgrade, thermal expansion and contraction of the rails, and external influences like heavy traffic loads or environmental conditions. The presence of sporavvik can have significant consequences for railway operations. It can lead to increased wear on rolling stock, reduced train speeds, and in severe cases, derailment risks.

Maintaining track geometry within acceptable limits is crucial for safe and efficient railway transport. Therefore, regular monitoring and maintenance of the track are essential. Various technologies and techniques are employed for detecting and measuring sporavvik, including track geometry inspection cars, manual measurements, and sophisticated sensor systems. Corrective measures can include tamping to re-level the ballast, grinding the rails to restore their profile, or replacing worn components. Effective management of sporavvik is a fundamental aspect of railway infrastructure maintenance.