spinos

Spinons are emergent quasiparticles that describe the spin excitations in certain types of one-dimensional quantum magnetic materials. Unlike typical excitations where both the spin and the charge of an electron move together, in these one-dimensional systems, the spin and charge degrees of freedom can separate. The spinon is the collective excitation associated with the spin part of the electron.

When an electron moves through a one-dimensional chain, its spin can detach from its charge. The spin then propagates as a spinon, while the charge can propagate independently as a holon. This phenomenon is known as spin-charge separation and is a hallmark of one-dimensional conductors. Spinons are bosons and carry spin-1/2 but have no electric charge. Their existence and properties have been experimentally verified through various spectroscopic techniques, such as inelastic neutron scattering and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. The study of spinons is crucial for understanding exotic quantum phenomena in low-dimensional materials, including high-temperature superconductivity and quantum magnetism.