spingere

Spingere is an Italian verb meaning to push. It covers the physical act of applying force to move something away or forward, as well as figurative uses such as urging someone to act, pressing a point, or driving a vehicle or machine. The noun spinta denotes the act or effect of pushing, and the verb appears in expressions like spingere avanti (to push forward) or spingere una porta (to push a door). It can also convey propulsion in sports or machinery contexts.

Etymology and forms: Spingere derives from Latin spingere and belongs to the regular -ere verb class, with the stem sping-. In the present indicative the forms are: io spingo, tu spingi, lui/lei spinge, noi spingiamo, voi spingete, loro spingono. The imperfect is spingevo, spingevi, spingeva, spingevamo, spingevate, spingevano. The future is spingerò, spingerai, spingerà, spingeremo, spingerete, spingeranno. The present subjunctive: che io spinga, che tu spinga, che egli spinga, che noi spingiamo, che voi spingiate, che essi spingano. The imperative is spingi, spinga, spingiamo, spingete, spingano. The past participle is spinto and the gerund is spingendo. The passato prossimo uses avere: ho spinto.

Usage notes: Spingere takes a direct object for tangible pushing (spingere una porta, spingere un carrello). Metaphorically it often means urging or pressuring someone to act (spingere qualcuno a fare qualcosa) or pushing forward a plan or project (spingere un progetto). Related nouns include spinta (push, urge) and spingimento (rare, historical). Synonyms include premere and chiudere in some contexts, while spingere tends to emphasize the act of applying force or motivation.