skvalene

Squalene is a naturally occurring organic compound, a triterpene hydrocarbon. It is a precursor in the biosynthesis of all animal sterols, including cholesterol, as well as in the synthesis of vitamin D. Squalene is found in high concentrations in the liver of certain fish, particularly sharks, and is also present in smaller amounts in plant oils such as olive oil, wheat germ oil, and rice bran oil. It is also produced by the human body, where it is synthesized in the liver and secreted into the bloodstream.

The chemical structure of squalene consists of thirty carbon atoms and fifty hydrogen atoms, making it a C30H50 molecule. It is a liquid at room temperature and is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. Historically, squalene gained prominence as a dietary supplement derived from shark liver oil, touted for various health benefits, though scientific evidence supporting many of these claims is limited or inconclusive.

In recent years, plant-derived squalene has become increasingly popular, particularly in the cosmetics and personal care industry. Its emollient properties make it a sought-after ingredient in moisturizers, lotions, and hair care products due to its ability to hydrate and soften the skin and hair. While animal-derived squalene has been used for a long time, the move towards plant-based sources reflects a growing consumer preference for sustainable and ethical ingredients. Research into the precise biological functions and potential therapeutic applications of squalene continues.