skrzywdza

Skrzywdza is a Polish verb form that means “he/she harms” or “is harming.” It is the third-person singular present tense of the imperfective verb skrzywdzać, which denotes the ongoing or repeated act of harming, injuring, or wronging someone, either physically, emotionally, or morally. The related noun krzywda means harm or injustice, and the verb’s meaning derives from this root with the prefix s- forming the imperfective base skrzywdzać.

The perfective counterpart of skrzywdzać is skrzywdzić, which conveys a completed act of harming. In its third-person singular present tense, skrzywdzić is realized as skrzywdzi, reflecting a future or completed-action sense depending on context. The action of skrzywdzać or skrzywdzić is transitive and typically takes a direct object in the accusative case, for example: ktoś skrzywdza kogoś (someone harms someone).

Usage and nuance: skrzywdza is commonly employed in everyday speech, journalism, and literature to describe wrongdoing, injustice, or injury inflicted by one party on another. The word covers a broad range of harms, from physical injury to violations of rights, dignity, or trust. It often appears in discussions of ethics, law, relationships, and social harm.

Etymology and related forms: skrzywdza originates from the noun krzywda (harm, wrong) with the verbal prefix s- and the imperfective suffix -ać, yielding skrzywdzać. Related forms include skrzywdzić (perfective) and krzywda (the abstract noun).