skinsoftening

Skinsoftening refers to practices and products designed to reduce roughness and dryness of the skin, improving softness and pliability. It encompasses cosmetic moisturizers as well as dermatological treatments that increase hydration, support barrier function, or remove excess keratin. The term can apply to everyday skincare as well as clinical preparations used to soften thickened or callused skin.

Most approaches work by increasing skin moisture or by thickening the stratum corneum's surface to decrease water loss. Humectants, such as glycerin and sorbitol, attract water from the deeper layers. Occlusives, such as petrolatum and oils, form a barrier to water loss. Emollients, including ceramides and fatty acids, smooth and fill gaps between corneocytes. Keratolytics, like urea and alpha-hydroxy acids, loosen intercellular bonds to soften keratin and promote shedding. Enzymatic exfoliants may break down proteins in damaged skin. In some regimens, controlled occlusion or soaking followed by gentle abrasion is used for thickened skin.

Common over-the-counter products combine humectants and emollients, e.g., glycerin-based creams, petrolatum-rich ointments, and plant oils. Urea, lactic or glycolic acids provide mild keratolysis. For hands and feet, formulations may include higher occlusivity and keratolytics. Sensitive skin may benefit from fragrance-free products and ceramide-containing formulations to restore barrier integrity.

Skinsoftening is used to treat dry or rough skin, xerosis, eczema, psoriasis-associated hyperkeratosis, and calluses. In clinical settings, softer skin can improve tolerability for other therapies and enhance cosmetic appearance.

Potential risks include irritation, allergic contact dermatitis, and barrier disruption if used excessively or on broken skin. Patch testing is advised. People with sensitive or inflamed skin should consult a clinician before using keratolytics or higher-strength products, especially alongside retinoids or acids.