sisaldada

Sisaldada is an Estonian verb meaning to contain or to include. It is transitive and takes a direct object that denotes what is contained, typically expressed in the partitive case when the quantity is indefinite. The infinitive form is sisaldada, and the verb forms include present, past, and perfect tenses.

Examples show its use for both physical and abstract contents. For instance, “Artikkel sisaldab teavet” means “The article contains information,” and “Raamat sisaldab mitmeid peatükke” means “The book contains several chapters.” The past tense appears as “Artikkel sisaldas teavet,” and the perfect construction can be formed with the auxiliary olema: “Artikkel on sisaldanud teavet.”

Usage notes emphasize that sisaldada describes the contents of containers, documents, data sets, and discussions, as well as metaphorical inclusions in statements or arguments. The object is often in the partitive when the amount or number of contained items is indefinite, reflecting Estonian’s case system for quantities and portions.

Related forms include the present participle sisaldav, used as an adjective meaning containing, and the noun sisu, meaning content or substance. The verb is commonly used across academic, journalistic, and everyday language to indicate what a source or item encompasses.

See also: sisu, sisaldus, sisaldama.