sigmoidektomi

Sigmoidektomi is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of a portion of the sigmoid colon. The sigmoid colon is the S-shaped part of the large intestine that connects the descending colon to the rectum. This surgery is typically performed to treat diseases affecting this specific section of the colon.

The most common reasons for performing a sigmoidektomi include the treatment of sigmoid volvulus, a condition where the sigmoid colon twists upon itself, leading to obstruction. It is also used to remove cancerous tumors located in the sigmoid colon, or to address diverticulitis, an inflammation or infection of the small pouches that can form in the colon walls. Other indications may include severe constipation that is unresponsive to other treatments or rectal prolapse.

The procedure can be performed using traditional open surgery or minimally invasive laparoscopic techniques. Laparoscopic sigmoidektomi involves making several small incisions through which a camera and surgical instruments are inserted. This approach often results in a shorter hospital stay, less pain, and quicker recovery compared to open surgery. In an open sigmoidektomi, a larger incision is made in the abdomen to access and remove the affected segment of the colon.

Following the removal of the sigmoid colon, the remaining ends of the colon are typically reconnected, a process known as anastomosis. In some cases, particularly if there is concern about leakage or infection, a temporary colostomy may be created. This involves bringing the end of the colon to an opening in the abdominal wall, allowing waste to be collected in an external bag. The colostomy can often be reversed at a later date. Recovery times vary depending on the surgical approach and individual patient factors.