serotoninoireyhtymään

Serotoninoireyhtymä is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by excessive levels of serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in mood, appetite, sleep, and other bodily functions. It is produced by the body and also found in certain medications, particularly antidepressants.

The condition typically arises when medications that increase serotonin levels are combined, or when a person takes too high a dose of a single serotonergic drug. Common culprits include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), triptans used for migraines, and certain illicit drugs like MDMA (ecstasy).

Symptoms of serotonin syndrome can range from mild to severe and may include agitation, confusion, rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, dilated pupils, muscle rigidity or twitching, heavy sweating, diarrhea, and headache. In severe cases, individuals may experience high fever, seizures, irregular heartbeat, and unconsciousness.

Diagnosis is usually based on clinical symptoms and a history of taking serotonergic medications. Treatment involves discontinuing the offending medication(s) and providing supportive care. In mild cases, symptoms may resolve on their own once the medication is stopped. For more severe symptoms, hospitalization may be necessary, and medications to block serotonin activity might be administered. Prompt recognition and management are crucial to prevent serious complications.