sensibilisering

Sensibilisering is the process by which a person, group, or system becomes more sensitive or aware of a stimulus, risk, or issue. In everyday usage it denotes increased attention, concern, or responsiveness, and the term is used in multiple fields with related but distinct meanings.

In medicine and immunology, sensitization refers to the development of an enhanced immune response to an antigen, most notably allergens. After initial exposure, the immune system may produce specific antibodies and memory cells without symptoms; subsequent encounters can trigger reactions ranging from mild symptoms to severe anaphylaxis. Diagnosis uses history, skin or blood tests, and sometimes controlled exposure. Prevention and treatment include avoidance of known triggers, symptom-relief medications, and, for some allergens, immunotherapy to reduce sensitivity.

In public health and risk communication, sensibilisering refers to campaigns aimed at increasing knowledge, awareness, and constructive attitudes toward an issue. The goal is to influence beliefs and behaviors. Examples include campaigns on vaccination, tobacco control, road safety, and environmental health. Effective sensibilisering combines clear messaging, trusted sources, audience understanding, and evaluation to assess changes in awareness or behavior.

Other uses include contexts such as occupational safety and materials science, where sensibilisering may describe heightened sensitivity to hazards or changes in material reactivity. Regardless of context, the underlying idea is to heighten responsiveness—biological, behavioral, or technical—through exposure, information, or training.