selluloosaasetaatin

Selluloosaasetaatti, often known as cellulose acetate, is a thermoplastic polymer derived from cellulose. Cellulose, a naturally abundant polymer found in plant cell walls, is chemically modified to produce cellulose acetate. This modification typically involves reacting cellulose with acetic anhydride and acetic acid in the presence of a catalyst. The resulting product is a versatile material with a range of properties depending on the degree of acetylation, which refers to how many hydroxyl groups on the cellulose molecule have been replaced by acetate groups.

The production process involves several steps, starting with the purification of cellulose, often from wood pulp or cotton linters. This purified cellulose is then subjected to esterification. After the reaction, the cellulose acetate is precipitated, washed, and dried. It can then be dissolved in various solvents to be processed into films, fibers, or molded plastics.

Cellulose acetate finds numerous applications due to its clarity, toughness, and biodegradability compared to some petroleum-based plastics. Historically, it was a significant material in photographic film and as a textile fiber, known for its silk-like feel and breathability, often marketed under trade names like acetate rayon. It is also used in cigarette filters, eyeglass frames, and as a coating material. Its solubility and film-forming properties make it suitable for applications in membranes for water purification and in medical devices. While it is biodegradable, its breakdown rate depends on environmental conditions.