sejtciklusokban

Sejtciklusokban refers to the cell cycle in Hungarian. The cell cycle is a series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication. This process is fundamental to the growth of multicellular organisms, the repair of damaged tissues, and asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms. The cell cycle is typically divided into two main phases: interphase and the mitotic phase (M phase).

Interphase is the longest part of the cell cycle and is a period of growth and DNA replication. It is further subdivided into three stages: G1 phase (first gap), S phase (synthesis), and G2 phase (second gap). During G1, the cell grows and carries out its normal metabolic functions. In the S phase, the cell replicates its DNA, ensuring that each daughter cell will receive a complete set of chromosomes. G2 is another period of growth and preparation for mitosis, during which the cell checks for any errors in DNA replication.

The mitotic phase (M phase) is when the cell divides. It includes mitosis, the division of the nucleus, and cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm. Mitosis is further divided into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, during which the replicated chromosomes are separated and distributed to opposite poles of the cell. Cytokinesis then follows, resulting in two distinct daughter cells. The cell cycle is tightly regulated by a complex system of checkpoints to ensure that cell division occurs accurately and that errors are prevented. These checkpoints monitor the integrity of DNA and the correct attachment of chromosomes.