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Sedation, also known as sedation therapy, is a medical procedure used to calm and relax a patient, often before or during surgery. It is typically administered by a healthcare professional and involves the use of medications to reduce anxiety, pain, and awareness. The goal of sedation is to ensure the patient's comfort and safety throughout the procedure.

There are several types of sedation, ranging from mild to deep. Mild sedation, or conscious sedation, allows the patient to remain awake but relaxed and comfortable. Moderate sedation, or general anesthesia, puts the patient into a state of unconsciousness but allows for some level of awareness and responsiveness. Deep sedation, or general anesthesia, completely eliminates consciousness and awareness, and the patient does not respond to external stimuli.

Sedation is commonly used in dental procedures, minor surgeries, and medical examinations. It can also be used in emergency situations to calm a patient who is experiencing severe anxiety or pain. The choice of sedation method depends on the patient's medical history, the type of procedure, and the healthcare professional's assessment of the patient's needs.

Sedation is typically administered through intravenous (IV) infusion, but it can also be given orally or through inhalation. The effects of sedation can last for several hours, depending on the type and dosage of the medication used. After the procedure, the patient is usually monitored in a recovery area until they are fully awake and alert.

Sedation is generally considered safe when administered by a trained healthcare professional. However, like any medical procedure, there are potential risks and side effects, including nausea, vomiting, and respiratory depression. It is important for patients to discuss the risks and benefits of sedation with their healthcare provider before undergoing any procedure.