samos

Samos is a Greek island in the eastern Aegean Sea, part of the North Aegean region. It lies near the coast of Asia Minor, opposite the Turkish coast. The island is mountainous, with Mount Kerkis as its highest peak. The principal settlements include Samos Town (Vathy) on the northeast, Pythagoreio on the east coast, and Karlovassi on the north coast.

Historically, Samos was a powerful ancient Greek polis during the Archaic period, noted for its maritime strength and influential rulers such as Polycrates. The island is home to the Heraion of Samos, a major temple complex, and the Pythagoreion harbor, both designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The philosopher Pythagoras is associated with Samos, and Epicurus was born there. Over subsequent eras it was ruled by Romans, Byzantines, Genoese, and Ottomans, and it became part of the modern Greek state in the early 20th century.

The economy combines agriculture and tourism. Samos is known for wine production, especially Muscat of Samos, along with olives and citrus fruits. The island attracts visitors with its archaeological sites, beaches, and scenic hillside villages, as well as a temperate Mediterranean climate.

Administration and demographics: since the 2010 reforms, Samos forms a single municipality within the North Aegean region. The island remains a popular destination for its cultural heritage, natural landscapes, and historic ruins.