rplA

rplA is the gene that encodes ribosomal protein L1, a component of the 50S large ribosomal subunit in bacteria. The L1 protein is one of the larger ribosomal proteins and is typically around 230–260 amino acids in length, with a basic character that supports interactions with ribosomal RNA.

As part of the 50S subunit, L1 contributes to the structural architecture of the ribosome and participates in translation. It is associated with the L1 stalk region and interacts with 23S rRNA and tRNA during elongation, helping to position and stabilize tRNA in the catalytic center and supporting the translocation step of protein synthesis. The protein’s exact role can vary somewhat among species, but it is generally important for efficient ribosome function.

Genetically, rplA is widespread among bacteria and is typically considered essential for growth in many organisms. The gene is usually found within operons that encode ribosomal proteins and other components of the large subunit, reflecting its integration into the core translational machinery. While highly conserved, rplA sequences show sufficient variation to be useful in phylogenetic and taxonomic analyses, contributing to assessments of evolutionary relationships among bacteria and, in some contexts, archaea.

In practical terms, rplA is a standard marker in comparative genomics and ribosomal protein studies. Because it encodes an essential ribosomal component, mutations in rplA can affect growth and may influence certain phenotypes under stress or antibiotic exposure, though effects are context- and species-dependent.