roczne

Roczne is a Polish adjective meaning annual or yearly. It is derived from rok (year) with the suffix -czny and is used to describe time spans, events, costs, plans, or reports connected with a calendar year. The form roczne is used with neuter singular nouns and with most plural nouns; roczny is masculine singular, and roczna is feminine singular. The correct form depends on the noun being described, for example roczny budżet (masculine singular), roczne koszty (plural), roczne sprawozdanie (neuter singular).

In practice, roczne appears frequently in formal and administrative language, especially in finance, statistics, budgeting, and planning. Common phrases include roczne koszty, roczne przychody, roczne sprawozdanie, and roczny plan. It conveys that the described item pertains to a 12-month period rather than a shorter or irregular timeframe.

Roczne is not a standalone concept but a grammatical form of the base adjective roczny. Its usage can be contrasted with related terms such as rocznik (year, edition, or annual volume) and rocznica (anniversary). Proper agreement with the noun is essential for correct Polish grammar, as the ending changes with gender and number.

See also: roczny, rocznik, rocznica, annual in other languages.