rifampicinas

Rifampicin, also known as rifampin, is an antibiotic used to treat several types of bacterial infections, most notably tuberculosis. It belongs to the rifamycin class of antibiotics and works by inhibiting bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, thereby preventing the synthesis of RNA and ultimately protein production. This mechanism effectively stops the growth and reproduction of susceptible bacteria.

The drug is typically administered orally but can also be given intravenously. Its broad-spectrum activity makes it effective against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as mycobacteria. However, its primary use is in combination therapy for tuberculosis, where it is a cornerstone medication. It is also used for preventing and treating meningococcal meningitis, leprosy, and other serious infections caused by organisms like Staphylococcus aureus.

Rifampicin is known for its characteristic orange-red color, which can stain body fluids such as urine, sweat, and tears. Common side effects include gastrointestinal upset, rash, and liver enzyme elevations. It is crucial to monitor liver function during treatment, especially in individuals with pre-existing liver conditions or when used concurrently with other potentially hepatotoxic drugs. Rifampicin is a potent inducer of cytochrome P450 enzymes, which can significantly affect the metabolism of many other medications, leading to reduced efficacy or increased toxicity. Therefore, careful consideration of drug interactions is essential.