retinopatiasta

Retinopatia is a general term referring to damage or disease of the retina, the light-sensitive tissue lining the back of the eye. This condition can arise from various underlying causes, leading to impaired vision. One of the most common forms is diabetic retinopathy, a complication of diabetes that affects blood vessels in the retina. High blood sugar levels can damage these vessels, causing them to leak fluid or bleed, or leading to the growth of abnormal new blood vessels. Another significant cause is hypertensive retinopathy, linked to high blood pressure, which can also damage retinal blood vessels.

Other forms of retinopatia include retinopathy of prematurity, which affects infants born prematurely, and retinal vein or artery occlusions, where blood flow in the retinal vessels is blocked. Symptoms can vary depending on the severity and cause but often include floaters, blurred vision, distorted vision, or sudden vision loss. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent further damage and preserve vision. Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive eye examination, including dilated fundus examination and imaging tests like optical coherence tomography (OCT) or fluorescein angiography. Treatment strategies depend on the specific type of retinopathy and may involve laser therapy, injections into the eye, or surgery.