resensitisering

Resensitisering is a term used in psychology and neuroscience to describe the process by which a previously desensitized system or individual becomes sensitive again to a stimulus. Desensitization occurs when repeated exposure to a stimulus leads to a diminished response. This can happen with various stimuli, including sensory input, emotional triggers, or even pharmacological agents.

Resensitisering, conversely, involves the re-emergence of reactivity. For instance, in the context of phobias, a person might become desensitized to a feared object through prolonged exposure. However, if the exposure stops for a significant period, the individual might become resensitized, meaning the fear response could return upon re-exposure.

In addiction research, resensitization refers to the recovery of the brain's reward pathways after a period of abstinence from a substance. Chronic drug use can lead to desensitization of dopamine receptors, reducing the pleasure experienced from natural rewards. Over time, with sustained sobriety, these pathways can become resensitized, allowing for a return to normal hedonic responses.

Similarly, in therapeutic contexts, resensitization can be a desired outcome. For example, in treatments for trauma, therapists may work to help individuals process traumatic memories. Initially, this might lead to a temporary increase in distress (a form of resensitization), but ultimately aims to achieve a more adaptive, less reactive state. The specific mechanisms of resensitization vary depending on the system or context involved, but generally involve a restoration of baseline responsiveness.