regreszió

Regreszió is a statistical method used to model the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. The goal of regression analysis is to understand how changes in the independent variables affect the dependent variable. This understanding can then be used for prediction and forecasting.

There are several types of regression, with linear regression being the most common. In simple linear regression, a straight line is fitted to the data points to represent the relationship between a single independent variable and the dependent variable. Multiple linear regression extends this to include two or more independent variables.

Other types of regression include logistic regression, used when the dependent variable is categorical, and polynomial regression, which models a curved relationship. The choice of regression model depends on the nature of the data and the research question.

Regression analysis involves estimating parameters that define the relationship, such as the slope and intercept in linear regression. These parameters are typically estimated using methods like ordinary least squares, which minimizes the sum of the squared differences between the observed and predicted values of the dependent variable.

The results of a regression analysis are often evaluated using statistical measures like R-squared, which indicates the proportion of variance in the dependent variable that is explained by the independent variables, and p-values, which assess the statistical significance of the estimated parameters. Regression is widely applied in fields such as economics, finance, social sciences, and engineering.