refrakcyjnych

Refrakcyjnych is the genitive plural form of the Polish adjective refrakcyjny, which denotes relation to refraction. Refraction is the bending of a wave when it passes between media with different propagation speeds, typically due to a change in the medium’s refractive index. While light is the most familiar example, refraction also applies to sound and radio waves in appropriate media.

In Polish, refrakcyjny is used to describe properties, phenomena, or measurements connected with refraction. The form refrakcyjnych appears with plural nouns in contexts such as zjawisk refrakcyjnych (refraction phenomena), kątów refrakcyjnych (refractive angles), właściwości refrakcyjnych (refractive properties), and indeksów refrakcyjnych (refractive indices). These phrases commonly occur in discussions of optics, physics, astronomy, and materials science.

Applications and contexts include optical devices like lenses and prisms, where refraction determines bending of light; atmospheric refraction relevant to astronomy and weather observations; and radio-wave propagation, where atmospheric and material refractive properties affect signal paths. The underlying description often relies on Snell’s law, which relates the angles of incidence and refraction to the indices of refraction of the involved media.

Etymology and related terms: the Polish term refrakcja (refraction) derives from Latin refractio, via French réfraction, with refrakcyjny forming a family of terms used across physics and engineering. The term refrakcyjnych functions as a grammatical form to modify plural nouns in contexts describing refraction-related attributes or phenomena. See also refrakcja, refraktywny, and refractive index.