reclaiming

Reclaiming is the act of recovering or repurposing materials, land, water, or identities that have been discarded or marginalized. The term encompasses several distinct practices, including material reclamation, land reclamation, water reclamation, and cultural or political reclamation.

Material reclamation recovers usable substances from waste streams or worn products. Examples include crushing concrete and asphalt into recycled aggregate, extracting metals from scrap, and reprocessing plastics and paper. Reclaimed materials can conserve virgin resources and reduce waste, but quality, contamination, and energy requirements can limit applicability and require treatment and testing.

Land reclamation creates new land by infilling seas, lakes, or wetlands with soil, rock, or dredged sediments. It enables port expansions, housing, and infrastructure but can affect coastal ecosystems, hydrology, and sediment movement. Environmental assessments and mitigation measures are common requirements in many jurisdictions.

Water reclamation, or wastewater reuse, treats wastewater to produce water suitable for nonpotable or potable uses. Treatment trains typically include screening, biological treatment, and advanced purification. Reclaimed water is used for irrigation, industrial processes, groundwater recharge, and sometimes drinking supply where regulations permit.

In social contexts, reclaiming describes efforts to revive languages, cultures, or rights that have been eroded or stigmatized, and to reinterpret terms or spaces. Examples include Indigenous land-back movements and language revitalization. Debates often concern authenticity, sovereignty, and balancing preservation with change.