realtallslæren

Realtallæren, often translated as "realism" or "doctrine of the real," is a philosophical concept that asserts the existence of a reality independent of human perception or consciousness. This means that objects, properties, and events exist in the world whether or not anyone is observing or thinking about them. In contrast to idealism, which posits that reality is fundamentally mental or spiritual, realtallæren holds that the external world has an objective existence.

The implications of realtallæren are far-reaching. It forms the basis for many scientific endeavors, which assume that there are discoverable laws and structures in the universe that operate regardless of human understanding. It also influences our understanding of truth, suggesting that true statements correspond to this independent reality. While the general principle of realism is widely accepted, specific interpretations and debates exist regarding the nature of this independent reality and how we can know it. Different philosophical schools may emphasize different aspects of realism, such as scientific realism, which focuses on the reality of scientific entities, or common-sense realism, which aligns with everyday intuitions about the world.