reaktorityypeissä

Reaktorityypeissä refers to the different types of nuclear reactors used for power generation and other applications. These reactors are broadly categorized based on their neutron moderation and cooling methods.

The most common type is the Light Water Reactor (LWR), which uses ordinary water as both a neutron moderator and coolant. LWRs are further divided into Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs) and Boiling Water Reactors (BWRs). PWRs keep the water under high pressure to prevent boiling, while BWRs allow the water to boil directly within the reactor core.

Another significant category is the Heavy Water Reactor (HWR), most notably the CANDU (CANada Deuterium Uranium) reactor. HWRs utilize heavy water (deuterium oxide) as a moderator, which allows them to use natural uranium as fuel.

Gas-cooled Reactors (GCRs) use a gas, typically carbon dioxide or helium, as a coolant and graphite as a moderator. Advanced versions include the High-Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR).

Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactors (LMFBRs) use a fast neutron spectrum, meaning they do not require a moderator. They use liquid metals like sodium as a coolant and can breed more fissile material than they consume.

Other reactor types include Molten Salt Reactors (MSRs), which use a molten salt mixture as fuel and coolant, and Research Reactors, which are designed for scientific experiments and materials testing rather than large-scale power production. The choice of reactor type depends on factors such as fuel availability, safety considerations, economic viability, and specific application requirements.