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Radiography is a non-invasive imaging technique used to visualize the internal structures of an object, typically for diagnostic or analytical purposes. It relies on the differential absorption of X-rays or gamma rays by various materials within the object. The resulting image, known as a radiograph, provides valuable information about the object's composition, density, and internal structure.

The process begins with the emission of X-rays or gamma rays from a source, which then pass through the object. Different materials within the object absorb the radiation to varying degrees, creating a shadow-like pattern on a detector or film. The intensity of the transmitted radiation is recorded, and the resulting data is processed to produce a visual representation of the object's internal structure.

Radiography is widely used in various fields, including medicine, industry, and security. In medicine, it is employed for diagnostic imaging of the body, such as X-rays of bones and teeth. In industry, radiography is used for non-destructive testing of materials, ensuring their integrity and safety. In security, it is utilized for detecting contraband and explosives in luggage and cargo.

The technique offers several advantages, including the ability to inspect objects without causing damage, providing detailed images of internal structures, and being relatively quick and cost-effective. However, it also has limitations, such as the need for specialized equipment and radiation safety considerations.

In summary, radiography is a versatile and valuable imaging technique that plays a crucial role in various applications, from medical diagnostics to industrial inspection and security screening. Its ability to provide non-invasive, detailed images of internal structures makes it an indispensable tool in numerous fields.