põletushaavu

Põletushaavu are injuries caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, friction, or radiation. They damage the skin and underlying tissues. The severity of a burn is classified into degrees. First-degree burns affect only the outermost layer of skin, the epidermis, causing redness and pain, like a sunburn. Second-degree burns involve the epidermis and part of the dermis, resulting in blisters, severe pain, and redness. Third-degree burns extend through the entire dermis and may reach the subcutaneous tissue, appearing white, charred, or leathery, and often cause little pain due to nerve damage. Fourth-degree burns penetrate even deeper, damaging muscle and bone.

Treatment for burns depends on their severity. Minor burns, such as first-degree burns and small second-degree burns, can often be treated at home by cooling the area with clean, cool water, applying antibiotic ointment, and covering with a sterile bandage. Pain relievers can help manage discomfort. Larger or deeper burns require immediate medical attention. This may involve fluid replacement, wound care, infection prevention, and pain management. In severe cases, skin grafting may be necessary to repair the damaged tissue. Prevention is key, and common causes of burns include contact with hot liquids or surfaces, open flames, electrical sources, and prolonged sun exposure.