pålning

Pålning is a construction technique used to transfer structural loads to deeper, more competent soil layers or bedrock. This is necessary when the upper soil layers are not strong enough to support the intended building or structure. Piles are long, slender elements that are driven or bored into the ground. They can be made of various materials, including concrete, steel, or timber.

The process of pålning typically involves either driving pre-fabricated piles into the ground using a pile driver or boring holes and then filling them with concrete to create cast-in-place piles. The choice of method depends on factors such as soil conditions, load requirements, and environmental considerations.

Piles function in two primary ways: by end bearing, where the pile transmits the load to a hard stratum at its tip, or by skin friction, where the pile transfers the load to the surrounding soil through friction along its shaft. Often, both mechanisms contribute to the load-bearing capacity.

Common applications for pålning include building foundations, bridges, offshore platforms, and retaining walls. It is a crucial element in civil engineering, ensuring the stability and longevity of structures built on challenging ground conditions. The design and installation of piles require careful analysis of soil mechanics and structural engineering principles to ensure safety and performance.