párolgásról

Párolgás (evaporation) is the process by which a substance in a liquid or solid state changes to a gaseous state due to an increase in temperature and/or pressure. It is a phase transition that occurs at the surface of a liquid.

The rate of evaporation depends on several factors. Surface area plays a significant role; a larger surface area allows for more molecules to escape into the gas phase. Temperature is also crucial, as higher temperatures provide molecules with more kinetic energy, making it easier for them to overcome the intermolecular forces holding them in the liquid. Air movement or wind can also increase evaporation by removing vapor molecules from the surface, thus reducing the partial pressure of the vapor above the liquid and encouraging further evaporation. Humidity, which is the amount of water vapor already present in the air, affects the rate of evaporation; in dry air, evaporation is faster than in humid air.

Párolgás is a vital part of the water cycle. Water evaporates from oceans, lakes, rivers, and even soil, becoming water vapor in the atmosphere. This vapor can then condense to form clouds, which eventually lead to precipitation. Párolgás also plays a role in cooling. When a liquid evaporates, it absorbs heat from its surroundings, a process known as evaporative cooling. This is why sweating helps to cool the human body. The opposite of párolgás is condensation, where a gas changes into a liquid.