pyöröpolarisaatiosuodatinta

Pyöröpolarisaatiosuodatinta, commonly known as a polarizing filter or polarizer, is an optical filter that transmits light waves of a specific polarization while blocking or reducing the transmission of waves of other polarizations. It is a type of linear polarizer, which means it allows light waves oscillating in a single plane to pass through while blocking those oscillating in a perpendicular plane.

The filter works by using a material such as Polaroid film or a polarizing beam splitter to align the electric vectors of the incoming light waves in a specific orientation. When light passes through the filter, only the component of the light wave that matches the filter's orientation is transmitted, while the perpendicular component is either absorbed or reflected.

Polarizing filters have various applications in optics and photography. In photography, they are used to reduce glare and reflections, enhance colors, and control the intensity of light. In scientific and industrial applications, polarizers are employed to analyze polarization phenomena, such as in crystallography and fluid dynamics.

There are different types of polarizing filters, including linear polarizers, circular polarizers, and photoelastic polarizers. Linear polarizers, as described, allow light oscillating in a single plane to pass. Circular polarizers convert linear polarization into circular polarization or vice versa, while photoelastic polarizers are used to study stress in transparent materials.

Polarizing filters are typically characterized by their polarization axis, which is the direction along which the electric vectors of the transmitted light waves are aligned. The polarization axis can be oriented at various angles, and the filter's effectiveness depends on the angle between the polarization axis and the orientation of the incoming light waves.